african iron age

And that increasing sedentarization. Sub-Saharan Africa is geographically the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara.

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During its heyday Great Zimbabwe dominated an estimated area of between 60000.

. We shall also present an alternative model for the prehistory of sub-Saharan Africa. This essay covers Iron Age up to the end of the first. The advantages of iron over stone are obviousiron is much more efficient at cutting trees or quarrying stone than stone tools. New groups of people arriving in South Africa at that time had strong connections to East Africa.

Iron technology first appears in the African continent in the 1st millennium BCE and the term Iron Age is generally used certainly south of the Sahara to describe iron-using communities in Africa until the modern historical era. The Iron Age is an archaeological age the last of the three-age system of Old World prehistory. South Africa - The Iron Age Britannica The Iron Age Because the first farmers had knowledge of ironworking their archaeological sites are characterized as Iron Age c. Iron smelting developed in the area between Lake Chad and the African Great Lakes between 1000 and 600 BC and in West Africa around 2000 BC long before the technology reached Egypt.

In the period from 1400 to 1600 iron technology appears to have been one of a series of fundamental social assets that facilitated the growth of significant centralized kingdoms in the western Sudan and along the Guinea coast of West Africa. The roots of southern Africas Iron Age are in something called the Bantu expansion. Great Zimbabwe is the largest of about 250 similarly dated mortarless stone structures in Africa called collectively Zimbabwe Culture sites. In brief that the development of the Early Iron Age in Africa was a process rather than an event.

THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE IRON AGE IN BANTU AFRICA BY D. Central Africa provides possible evidence of iron working as early as the 3rd millennium BC. Oooooh lets seethumbnail by Ettore Mazza httpsinst. Follows the West African Neolithic tradition and precedes the West Africa Regional Development tradition.

Iron smelting has been dated to 2000 BC in southeast Nigeria. The hallmark of the new era was technological innovation but the social and economic changes that metalworking brought about were fundamental to the agricultural communitiesif not to the hunting communitiesof the tropics. Such partitions do not represent well-defined chronological or culture historical divisions in West Africa. Further to the south two distinct streams of the Early Iron Age are recognized.

The Iron Age reached Central Africa more or less at the same time it reached western Europe some 3000 years ago. Iron smelting and forging technologies may have existed in West Africa among the Nok culture of Nigeria as early as the sixth century BC. Around 200 CE Bantu-speaking peoples of westcentral Africa. When did the iron age occur in Africa.

Did iron working reach sub saharan Africa from the north or did it in fact have the earliest iron age. It is taken to end with the beginning of Classical Antiquity in about the 6th century BC although in Northern Europe the Germanic Iron Age is taken to last until the beginning of. It must be emphasized that the term Iron Age as well as the preceding and following periods subsumes a tremendous range of variation. Even for more recent times in sub-Saharan Africa beyond the period and area of European expansion radiocarbon.

But iron smelting technology is a smelly dangerous one. According to the United Nations it consists of all African countries and territories that are fully or partially south of the Sahara. That autochthonous populations gradually adopted the suite of traits that define the Early Iron Age without any large-scale movement of peoples. In the period from 1400 to 1600 iron technology appears to have been one of a series of fundamental social assets that facilitated the growth of significant.

What is the significance of Iron Age technology to African history. Iron smelting and forging technologies may have existed in West Africa among the Nok culture of Nigeria as early as the sixth century BC. The newcomers slowly replaced the San as they had a different lifestyle which included pastoralism made possible by domesticated plants and animals whereas the San still maintained a hunter. In sub-Saharan Africa the Iron Age began sometime between 1000 and 550 BCE and it began with the Nok people a culture that sculpted elaborate terracotta figurines farmed millet and developed.

It is demonstrated that the earliest manifestations of the Early Iron Age Industrial Complex are in East Africa. The Southern African Iron Age began around 1 800 years ago when the Ntu speaking formerly known as Bantu peoples moved into the area. 1200 BC and in Europe beginning after c. That in the eastern part of the sub-continent had penetrated as far to the south as the Transvaal some centuries before the western stream spread into what is now Zambia.

The numbers shown correspond to the dates of all Iron Age artifacts associated with the Bantu expansion. Great Zimbabwe is a massive African Iron Age settlement and dry-stone monument located near the town of Masvingo in central Zimbabwe. While the United Nations geoscheme. It follows the Bronze Age in the Ancient Near East beginning c.

PHILLIPSON OUR knowledge of the chronology of the African Iron Age of more than four or five centuries ago rests almost exclusively on the basis of radio-carbon age determinations.

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